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Moved manpage into pod.
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joey
214
alien
214
alien
@@ -1,14 +1,208 @@
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#!/usr/bin/perl
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#
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# Script to convert dpkg, rpm, tgz packages.
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# Original author:
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# Christoph Lameter, <clameter@debian.org> October 30, 1996
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# The deb -> rpm conversion code was written by:
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# Randoph Chung <rc42@cornell.edu>
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# Current maintainer:
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# Joey Hess <joeyh@debian.org>
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#
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# Copyright: GPL
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=head1 NAME
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alien - Convert or install an alien binary package
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=head1 SYNOPSIS
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alien [--to-deb] [--to-rpm] [--to-tgz] [--to-slp] [options] file [...]
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=head1 DESCRIPTION
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B<alien> is a program that converts between Redhat rpm, Debian deb,
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Stampede slp and Slackware tgz file formats. If you want to use a package from
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another linux distribution than the one you have installed on your system,
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you can use alien to convert it to your preferred package format and install it.
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=head1 WARNING
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Despite the high version number, alien is still (and will probably always
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be) rather experimental software. It's been under development for many
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years now, but there are still many bugs and limitations.
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Alien should not be used to replace important system packages, like
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init, libc, or other things that are essential for the functioning of
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your system. Many of these packages are set up differently by the
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different distributions, and packages from the different distributions
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cannot be used interchangeably. In general, if you can't remove a
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package without breaking your system, don't try to replace it with an
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alien version.
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=head1 PACKAGE FORMAT NOTES
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=over 4
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=item rpm
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For converting to and from rpm format the Red Hat Package Manager must be
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installed.
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=item deb
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For converting to (but not from) deb format, the gcc, make, debmake,
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dpkg-dev, and dpkg packages must be installed.
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=item tgz
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Note that when converting from the tgz format, B<alien> will simply generate an
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output package that has the same files in it as are in the tar file. This
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only works well if the tar file has precompiled binaries in it in a
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standard linux directory tree. Do NOT run alien on tar files with source
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code in them, unless you want this source code to be installed in your root
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directory when you install the package!
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=back
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=head1 OPTIONS
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Alien will convert all the files you pass into it into all the output types
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you specify. If no output type is specified, it defaults to converting to
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deb format.
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=over 4
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=item file [...]
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The list of package files to convert.
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=item B<-d>, B<--to-deb>
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Make debian packages. This is the default.
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=item B<-r>, B<--to-rpm>
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Make rpm packages.
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=item B<-t>, B<--to-tgz>
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Make tgz packages.
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=item B<--to-slp>
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Make slp packages.
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=item B<-i>, B<--install>
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Automatically install each generated package, and remove the package file
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after it has been installed.
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=item B<-g>, B<--generate>
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Generate a temporary directory suitable for building a package from, but do
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not actually create the package. This is useful if you want to move files
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around in the package before building it. The package can be built from
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this temporary directory by running "debian/rules binary", if you were creating
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a Debian package, or by running "rpm -bb <packagename>.spec" if you were
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creating a Red Hat package.
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=item B<-s>, B<--single>
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Like -g, but do not generate the packagename.orig directory. This is only
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useful when you are very low on disk space and are generating a debian
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package.
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=item B<--patch=>I<patch>
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Specify the patch to be used instead of automatically looking the patch up
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in B</var/lib/alien>. This has no effect unless a debian package is being
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built.
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=item B<--nopatch>
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Do not use any patch files.
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=item B<--description=>I<desc>
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Specifiy a description for the package. This only has an effect when
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converting from the tgz package format, which lacks descriptions.
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=item B<-c>, B<--scripts>
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Try to convert the scripts that are meant to be run when the
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package is installed and removed. Use this with caution, becuase these
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scripts might be designed to work on a system unlike your own, and could
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cause problems. It is recommended that you examine the scripts by hand
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and check to see what they do before using this option.
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=item B<-k>, B<--keep-version>
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By default, alien adds one to the minor version number of each package it
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converts. If this option is given, alien will not do this.
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=item B<-h>, B<--help>
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Display a short usage summary.
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=back
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=head1 EXAMPLES
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Here are some examples of the use of alien:
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=over 4
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=item alien --to-deb package.rpm
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Convert the package.rpm into a package.deb
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=item alien --to-rpm package.deb
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Convert the package.deb into a package.rpm
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=item alien -i package.rpm
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Convert the package.rpm into a package.deb (converting to a .deb package is
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default, so you need not specify --to-deb), and install the generated
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package.
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=item alien --to-deb --to-rpm --to-tgz --to-slp foo.deb bar.rpm baz.tgz
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Creates 9 new packages. When it is done, foo bar and baz are available in
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all 4 package formats.
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=back
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=head1 ENVIRONMENT
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Alien recognizes the following environemnt variables:
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=over 4
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=item RPMBUILDOPT
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Options to pass to rpm when it is building a package.
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=item RPMINSTALLOPT
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Options to pass to rpm when it is installing a package.
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=back
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=head1 NOTES
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When using alien to convert a tgz package, all files in /etc in are assumed to be
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configuration files.
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If alien is not run as root, the files in the generated package will have
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incorrect owners and permissions.
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=head1 AUTHOR
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Alien was written by Christoph Lameter, B<<clameter@debian.org>>.
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Deb to rpm conversion code was taken from the Martian program by
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Randolph Chung, B<<rc42@cornell.edu>>.
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Alien has been extensively rewritten (3 times) and is now maintained by Joey Hess
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B<<joeyh@debian.org>>.
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=head1 COPYRIGHT
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Alien may be copied amd modified under the terms of the GNU General Public
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License.
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=cut
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use strict;
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164
alien.1
164
alien.1
@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
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.TH alien 1L "Debian Utilities" "DEBIAN" \" -*- nroff -*-
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.SH NAME
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alien \- Convert or install an alien binary package
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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\fBalien\fP [\fB--to-deb\fP] [\fB--patch=file\fP] [\fBoptions\fP] \fBfile\fP [\fB...\fP]
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.br
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\fBalien\fP --to-rpm [\fBoptions\fP] \fBfile\fP [\fB...\fP]
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.br
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\fBalien\fP --to-tgz [\fBoptions\fP] \fBfile\fP [\fB...\fP]
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.br
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\fBalien\fP --to-slp [\fBoptions\fP] \fBfile\fP [\fB...\fP]
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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To build Debian packages,
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.I alien
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is simply called with a parameter giving the
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name of the alien package to be converted. A look up will then be done in
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.B /var/lib/alien/packagename*.diff.gz
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and then in
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.B /usr/lib/alien/patches/packagename*.diff.gz .
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If such a diff exists then the alien package is unpacked and the patch is
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applied to debianize the package. If there is no such diff then
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.I alien
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will attempt to automatically debianize the package. After this, alien will
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build the debian binary package, and it will be saved to the current
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directory.
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.PP
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To build Red Hat packages, alien must be called with the --to-rpm parameter,
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and the name of the alien package to be converted.
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.I Alien
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will then generate a spec file, and call rpm to build the package.
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.PP
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This tool probably needs to be run as superuser. Make sure that there is
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enough room in the current directory since
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.I alien
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will build the package in that location.
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.SH ALIEN PACKAGE FORMATS
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.I Alien
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can input and output packages in the Red Hat .rpm format, the Debian .deb
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format, the Stampede .slp format, the Slackware .tgz format and the
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generic .tar.gz format.
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.PP
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For converting from and to .rpm format the Red Hat Package Manager must be
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installed (See
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.B rpm (8)
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).
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.PP
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For converting to (but not from) .deb format, the gcc, make, debmake, dpkg-dev,
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and dpkg packages must be installed.
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.PP
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Note that for the .tar.gz format,
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.I alien
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will simply generate a .deb or .rpm package that has the same files in it as
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are in the tar file. This only works well if the tar file has precompiled
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binaries in it in a standard linux directory tree. Do NOT run alien on tar
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files with source code in them, unless you want this source code to be
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installed in your root directory when you install the package!
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.SH OPTIONS
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.TP
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.I file [...]
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The list of files to convert.
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.TP
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.I -d, --to-deb
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The output package will be a debian package. This is the default.
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.TP
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.I -r, --to-rpm
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The output package will be a rpm package.
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.TP
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.I -t, --to-tgz
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The output will be a slackware tgz package.
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.TP
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.I --to-slp
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The output will be a stampede slp package.
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.TP
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.I -i, --install
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Automatically install the output package, and remove the package file
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after it has been installed.
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.TP
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.I -g, --generate
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Generate a temporary directory suitable for building a package from, but do
|
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not actually create the package. This is useful if you want to move files
|
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around in the package before building it. The package can be built from this
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temporary directory by running "debian/rules binary", if you were creating a
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Debian package, or by running "rpm -bb <packagename>.spec" if you were
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creating a Red Hat package.
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.TP
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.I -s, --single
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Like -g, but do not generate the packagename.orig directory. This is only
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useful when you are very low on disk space and are generating a debian
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package.
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.TP
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.I --patch=patch
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Specify the patch to be used instead of automatically looking the patch up
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in
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.B /var/lib/alien/ .
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This is only allowed with --to-deb.
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.TP
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.I --nopatch
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Do not use any patch files.
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.TP
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.I --description=desc
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Specifiy a description for the package. This can only be used when
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converting from slackware tgz packages, which lack descriptions. If it is
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not used when converting from slackware tgz packages, a generic description
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is used.
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.TP
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.I -c, --scripts
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Try to convert the scripts that are meant to be run when the
|
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package is installed and removed. Use this with caution, becuase these
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scripts might be designed to work on a system unlike your own, and could
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cause problems. It is reccommended that you examine the scripts by hand
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and check to see what they do before using this option.
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.TP
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.I -k, --keep-version
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By default, alien adds one to the minor version number. If this option
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is given, alien will not do this.
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.TP
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.I -h, --help
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Display a short usage summary.
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.SH EXAMPLES
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Here are some examples of the use of alien:
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.TP
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.I alien --to-deb package.rpm
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Convert the package.rpm into a package.deb
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.TP
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.I alien --to-rpm package.deb
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Convert the package.deb into a package.rpm
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.TP
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.I alien -i package.rpm
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Convert the package.rpm into a package.deb (converting to a .deb package is
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default, so you need not specify --to-deb), and install the generated
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package.
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.SH ENVIRONMENT
|
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Alien recognizes the following environemnt variables:
|
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.TP
|
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.I RPMBUILDOPT
|
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Options to pass to rpm when it is building a package.
|
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.TP
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.I RPMINSTALLOPT
|
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Options to pass to rpm when it is installing a package.
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.SH LIMITATIONS
|
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When running alien on a tar file, all files in /etc in are assumed to be
|
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configuration files.
|
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.PP
|
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Alien does not account for differences in configuration between different
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linux distributions. So don't use it to replace something essential like
|
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sysvinit. You could destroy your system by doing so. In general, if you
|
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can't uninstall the package without breaking your system, don't try to
|
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replace it with an alien version.
|
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.PP
|
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If alien is not run as root, the files in the generated package will have
|
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incorrect owners and permissions.
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.SH AUTHOR
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Alien was written by Christoph Lameter.
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.br
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<clameter@debian.org>
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.PP
|
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Deb to rpm conversion code was taken from the Martian program by
|
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Randolph Chung.
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.br
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<rc42@cornell.edu>
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.PP
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Alien has been extensively rewritten and is now maintained by Joey Hess.
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.br
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<joeyh@debian.org>
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1
debian/changelog
vendored
1
debian/changelog
vendored
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ alien (6.99) unstable; urgency=low
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* The template files were all moved inside the objects, which is actually
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cleaner and is certainly easier to deal with.
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* Usernames are now looked up the way POSIX intended.
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* alien.1 is now generated from POD docs.
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-- Joey Hess <joeyh@debian.org> Thu, 20 Apr 2000 18:52:41 -0700
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user