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funkpower
56cc1a3d92
Both keep the same Typikon and read it a little differently, and until now
this library silently picked one reading and called it the Typikon. Two
differences are modelled, each one visible in the output and named in the
day's reason:
- The Protection of the Theotokos is a great feast in Slavic usage. Greek
practice ranks it lower, and the Church of Greece keeps it on 28 October
besides. This has teeth: rank is what lifts a Wednesday or Friday fast.
- Greek practice admits fish on any day of the Nativity Fast but Wednesday
and Friday until 17 December; Slavic practice keeps fish to Saturdays and
Sundays throughout.
Every jurisdiction carries the usage its books follow, and --tradition
overrides it for a parish that does not match its jurisdiction's default. The
difference in the calendar lives in a data overlay compiled in beside the
common menologion, which is where a local church's own commemorations would
go; the difference in the fast lives in the rule, because that is where it is.
Each rank also now carries the mark the books print beside it, circled cross,
cross and Jerusalem cross for great, vigil and polyeleos. Unicode has no glyph
for the polyeleos sign, a cross over a half-circle, so the Jerusalem cross
stands in as digital calendars generally settle on.
278 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
278 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
# typikon
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The Orthodox liturgical day: feasts, seasons and the fast, computed rather
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than fetched.
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Everything derives from the paschalion and the fixed calendar, so it needs no
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network, cannot go stale, and answers for any year you ask about. No API key,
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no service that might be gone next year, no cache to invalidate.
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```console
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$ typikon
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Wednesday 18 March 2026 — 5 March in the church calendar
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Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia · the Typikon
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🥬 The Holy Martyr Conon
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xerophagy — no oil or wine
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a weekday of the Great Fast
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Great Fast
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```
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## Install
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One static binary, no runtime to install first.
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```console
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$ cargo install --git https://git.pumpin.online/funkpower/typikon
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```
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Or build it from a checkout:
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```console
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$ git clone https://git.pumpin.online/funkpower/typikon
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$ cd typikon && cargo build --release
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$ install -Dm755 target/release/typikon ~/.local/bin/typikon
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```
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The menologion is compiled in, so the binary answers for every day of the year
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on its own: no data file to find, no network, nothing to go stale.
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For Python, there is a wheel:
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```console
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$ pip install typikon
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```
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The menologion is compiled into that too, so it carries no data files and needs
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no network either.
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## Which calendar?
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Three things get conflated constantly, and keeping them apart is most of what
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this library is for:
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|---|---|
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| **Paschalion** | which table gives Pascha, Julian or Gregorian |
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| **Menologion** | which calendar the fixed feasts are read on |
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| **Rule** | which fasting discipline is kept |
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Almost every Orthodox Church keeps the **Julian Paschalion**. What divides them
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is the menologion. The old-calendar churches read the fixed feasts on the
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Julian calendar too; the new-calendar churches read them on the Revised Julian,
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which agrees with the Gregorian for every date until 2800. So a new-calendar
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church keeps the Nativity with the West and Pascha with the East, not a
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compromise but exactly what the 1923 congress decided.
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### Greek or Slavic usage
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Both keep the same Typikon and read it a little differently. Two of those
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differences are modelled, and each is visible in the output:
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| | Slavic | Greek |
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|---|---|---|
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| The Protection, 1 October | great feast | lower rank; Greece keeps it on 28 October besides |
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| Fish in the Nativity Fast | Saturdays and Sundays | any day but Wednesday and Friday, until 17 December |
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Every jurisdiction carries the usage its books follow. `--tradition slavic` or
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`--tradition greek` overrides it, which is what you want for a parish that does
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not match its jurisdiction's default.
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### Which calendar?
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Pick a reckoning without naming a church:
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```console
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$ typikon --calendar old # Julian throughout
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$ typikon --calendar new # Revised Julian fixed feasts, Julian Pascha
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$ typikon --calendar western # Gregorian throughout
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```
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Or name one, which also picks up its fasting rule and any local saints:
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```console
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$ typikon --jurisdiction rocor
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$ typikon --jurisdiction antiochian --days 7
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$ typikon --list # every accepted value
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```
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The first run writes your choice to `~/.config/typikon/config.toml` and stops
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asking. Change it with `--set-default`, override it for one run with the flag,
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or set `TYPIKON_JURISDICTION`.
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Twenty-three jurisdictions ship: the old-calendar churches (Moscow, ROCOR,
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Serbia, Georgia, Jerusalem, the Holy Mountain, Poland, Macedonia), the
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new-calendar ones (Constantinople, Greece, GOARCH, Antioch, the OCA, Romania,
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Bulgaria, Cyprus, Albania, Ukraine), the Finnish Orthodox Church, alone among
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the Orthodox in keeping the Gregorian Paschalion, and, as an add-on, four
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Byzantine Catholic churches.
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## The fast
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Six levels, ordered from strictest to laxest. They are the Typikon's own
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distinctions, not a simplification of them:
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| `strict` | no food until evening |
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| `xerophagy` | no oil, no wine; no meat, fish, eggs or dairy |
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| `wine_oil` | wine and oil permitted |
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| `fish` | fish, wine and oil permitted |
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| `dairy` | dairy, eggs and fish permitted; no meat |
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| `none` | no fast |
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A calendar that reports xerophagy and wine-and-oil both as "fasting" has thrown
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away the information its reader wanted.
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**Level and obligation are separate questions.** The Orthodox Church legislates
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fasting as tradition rather than as precept, so every Orthodox day here reports
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as customary. The Eastern Catholic churches do have law about it, and it
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requires very much less than the Typikon describes, so those jurisdictions
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report both the level at which the day is kept and the minimum that actually
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binds. A calendar saying "obligatory" where nothing obliges is worse than no
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calendar; one reporting only the binding minimum makes the obligatory days look
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laxer than the voluntary ones beside them.
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Where usages differ (Great Thursday, the Exaltation, Lazarus Saturday), this
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follows the common published rule and names it in the day's reason so you can
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disagree with it. Monastic practice, and the Holy Mountain in particular, is
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stricter than all of it. A calendar cannot settle that; your bishop and your
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spiritual father can.
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## Output
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```console
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$ typikon --days 7 # for a person
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$ typikon --format json --days 7 # for a bar, a widget, a script
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$ typikon --format csv --days 365 # for a spreadsheet
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$ typikon --format tsv --fields date,fast,title
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$ typikon --format ics --days 365 > orthodox.ics
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$ typikon --year 2027 # a year's key dates, to check against yours
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```
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Every day of vigil rank or above carries the mark its books print beside it:
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⊕ for a great feast, ✚ for a vigil, ☩ for a polyeleos. It is the `sign`
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field in the JSON and a column in the delimited formats.
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`--no-emoji` drops the glyphs from every format, for a terminal or a bar
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without them. `--list-fields` prints the columns `csv` and `tsv` can take, and
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`--fields` picks a subset in the order you name them. `--json` and `--ics`
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still work as shorthand.
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The JSON shape is flat and stable. Front ends are the thing most likely to be
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written by someone else, and a schema that shifts underneath them is a bad
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neighbour.
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## As a library
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```rust
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use typikon::calendars::Date;
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use typikon::day::describe;
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use typikon::jurisdictions::resolve;
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let rocor = resolve(Some("rocor"))?;
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let day = describe(Date::from_ymd(2026, 9, 18).unwrap(), rocor);
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day.church_date; // "5 September"
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day.fast; // Level::Xerophagy
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day.title(); // "The Holy Prophet Zachariah, father of the Forerunner"
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day.is_obligatory(); // false
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typikon::paschalion::julian_pascha(2027); // 2027-05-02
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typikon::paschalion::gregorian_pascha(2027); // 2027-03-28
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```
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The levels are an ordered enum, strictest first, so `a < b` reads as "a is
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stricter than b" and a feast can only ever relax a fast:
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```rust
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Level::Xerophagy.relaxed_to(Level::Fish, Level::WineOil) // WineOil: no saint
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// brings fish into Lent
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Level::Fish.relaxed_to(Level::WineOil, Level::WineOil) // Fish: never tightens
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```
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## From Python
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```python
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import datetime, typikon
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day = typikon.describe(datetime.date(2026, 9, 18))
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day.church_date # '5 September'
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day.fast # 'xerophagy'
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day.title # 'The Holy Prophet Zachariah, father of the Forerunner'
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day.is_obligatory() # False
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typikon.today()
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typikon.pascha(2027) # datetime.date(2027, 5, 2)
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typikon.week(datetime.date(2026, 4, 12), 7) # seven consecutive days
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typikon.describe(d, jurisdiction='rocor')
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[j['key'] for j in typikon.jurisdictions()]
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```
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Dates in and out are `datetime.date`. `to_dict()` gives exactly the fields
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`--json` gives, so anything already reading the CLI's output can read a `Day`
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without changing shape — there is a test that holds the two to that.
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Given no `jurisdiction=`, the library reads the same configured default the
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command line does. Calling the engine's own resolver instead would have quietly
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answered for a different church than `typikon --set-default` selected, which is
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the kind of disagreement nobody notices until a fast day is wrong.
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The wheel is abi3, so one build serves every Python from 3.9 up. It ships
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`py.typed` and a stub file, and `mypy --strict` is clean against it.
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## The menologion
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The fixed calendar ships as data and is indexed by **ecclesiastical** date, so
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one file serves every jurisdiction. An old-calendar church and a new-calendar
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church both keep the Nativity on 25 December; they disagree about which morning
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that is, and that disagreement lives in the calendar conversion, not in the
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data.
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`data/menologion.json`, compiled into the binary, covers all 366 days with the principal
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commemorations of the common Byzantine tradition, ranked so the fasting rules
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know when a feast lifts a Wednesday. It was composed for this project and is
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under the same licence as the code. It is a working set, not a complete
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Synaxarion; additions are welcome.
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Some churches also keep their own saints, and those lists are usually published
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by a body that holds the copyright in the wording. Those are **not** shipped.
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Fetch one onto your own machine instead:
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```console
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$ typikon --list-menaia
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$ typikon --update-menaion ruthenian
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```
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It lands in `~/.local/share/typikon/` and is overlaid automatically.
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## Accuracy
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`typikon` is pinned against published calendars: the paschalion for six years
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by both reckonings and its invariants across two centuries, 146,000 calendar
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round-trips from 1800 to 2200, the fast on every day that is not open to
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interpretation, and every jurisdiction over twenty years.
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It was ported from a Python implementation, and the port was checked by
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running both over 199,446 day-records, 26 jurisdictions across 21 years, and
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requiring every field of every record to match.
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It is a calendar, not an authority. If it disagrees with the one your parish
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prints, your parish is right. Please open an issue.
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## Front ends
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[`menologion`](https://git.pumpin.online/funkpower/menologion): desktop
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widgets for Hyprland (Quickshell), waybar and eww, all reading the JSON above.
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## Licence
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GPL-2.0-only. See [LICENSE](LICENSE). The menologion is under it too;
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`data/LICENSE` says so and notes what the fetched sets are not.
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